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Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.

Stem Cell Culture

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...

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Related Experiment Video

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Using Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation (CUT&Tag) Assay in Mouse Myoblast Research

Using Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation (CUT&Tag) Assay in Mouse Myoblast Research

Published on: March 1, 2024

Recent progressions in stem cell research: breakthroughs achieved and challenges faced.

Jowy Tani¹, Rainy Umbas

¹Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia. jowtani@yahoo.com

Acta Medica Indonesiana

|March 5, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Stem cell research advances techniques for generating patient-specific cell lines, including induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and embryonic stem (ES) cells. These cells show therapeutic potential for hematologic, cardiovascular, and nervous system disorders in preclinical models.

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Published on: March 17, 2023

Area of Science:

Regenerative Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology

Background:

Stem cell research focuses on understanding cell characteristics and developing patient-specific cell lines for therapeutic applications.
Current methods for generating embryonic stem (ES) cell lines, like Somatic-Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT), have low efficiency.
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell technology offers a newer approach to reprogram somatic cells into a pluripotent state.

Purpose of the Study:

To review advancements in stem cell generation techniques and their therapeutic potential.
To explore the application of different stem cell types (ES, iPS, adult) in treating various diseases.
To discuss methods for overcoming ethical concerns related to embryonic stem cell derivation.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on stem cell generation and therapeutic applications.
Analysis of techniques such as Somatic-Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) and pluripotent stem cell induction.
Examination of preclinical studies demonstrating stem cell efficacy in animal models.

Main Results:

Stem cells, particularly iPS cells, show promise in treating hematologic disorders like sickle cell anemia in rats.
Human ES cells and iPS cell-derived neurons have demonstrated potential in treating cardiovascular and nervous system disorders in animal models.
Alternative methods like single blastomer derivation and parthenogenesis are being explored to address ethical issues.

Conclusions:

Continued research and support for all stem cell types (ES, iPS, adult) are crucial for advancing regenerative medicine.
Stem cell therapies hold significant potential for treating a range of debilitating diseases.
Improving stem cell generation efficiency and addressing ethical considerations are key to clinical translation.