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Suspected sphenoid bone osteomyelitis causing visual impairment in two dogs and one cat
Claudia Busse1, Ruth Dennis, Simon R Platt
1Animal Health Trust, Center for Small Animal Studies, Kentford, Newmarket, UK. claudia.busse@aht.org.uk
Veterinary Ophthalmology
|March 6, 2009
Summary
Sphenoid bone osteomyelitis can cause visual deficits in dogs and cats. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis aid in diagnosing this treatable condition.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Neurology
- Comparative Pathology
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background:
- Sphenoid bone osteomyelitis is a rare condition affecting the skull base.
- Visual pathway deficits and pupillary abnormalities can be presenting signs in affected animals.
Observation:
- Two dogs and one cat presented with visual deficits and reduced pupillary light reflexes.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed sphenoid bone thickening, altered marrow signal, and contrast enhancement of bone, meninges, and brain.
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed abnormalities in dogs, including pleocytosis and intracellular bacteria, but was normal in the cat.
Findings:
- MRI findings included sphenoid bone thickening and abnormal signal intensity.
- Contrast enhancement was observed on the sphenoid bones, ventral meninges, and brain surface.
- CSF analysis indicated inflammation and infection in dogs, with normal results in the cat.
Implications:
- Sphenoid bone osteomyelitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis for visual pathway deficits in dogs and cats.
- MRI and CSF analysis are valuable diagnostic tools for this condition.
- Early diagnosis and treatment with antibiotics and anti-inflammatories can lead to successful recovery.
