Role of angiography in popliteal artery entrapment syndrome

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is a rare but potentially limb-threatening disease seen predominantly in young athletes. We present an 18- year-old female avid soccer player, who complained of severe pain in both calves for over a year. Clinical examination and laboratory data were not helpful for diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging of both knees was inconclusive. Diagnostic angiography demonstrated bilateral, smooth and focal narrowing of both popliteal arteries only on active flexion and extension. PAES was confirmed by surgery. Our case is unique because of female gender and functional PAES. A review of the literature regarding PAES and its clinical relevance is presented.