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Related Concept Videos

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation01:31

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation

In assessing respiratory abnormalities, palpation and auscultation are critical tools for detecting and interpreting various pathophysiological changes. These techniques provide insight into underlying disorders by evaluating tactile sensations and sounds produced by the respiratory system.
Palpation Findings
During a respiratory assessment, palpation can reveal several vital abnormalities:
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract IV: Auscultation01:28

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract IV: Auscultation

Auscultation is a crucial component of the physical assessment of the respiratory tract. It offers valuable insights into airflow through the bronchial tree and potential lung obstructions. This process involves careful listening to breath, voice, and adventitious sounds, which can reveal a wealth of information about a patient's respiratory health.
Breath Sounds
Breath sounds are categorized into vesicular, bronchovesicular, and bronchial.
Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry01:19

Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry

Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Palpation01:24

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Palpation

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract is critical in identifying potential health issues. One key component of this assessment is palpation, a technique healthcare providers use to assess the body for abnormalities. This content explores the method of palpation in evaluating the respiratory tract, focusing on thoracic palpation and tactile fremitus.
Thoracic Palpation
Thoracic palpation detects tenderness, masses, lesions, respiratory excursions, and vocal fremitus. The nurse assesses...
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I01:26

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I

Assessing the respiratory rate and rhythm for a complete minute is crucial for evaluating the breathing pattern. Even a minor increase in the patient's average respiratory rate, by as little as three to five breaths per minute, is an early and vital indicator of respiratory distress. Patients with a respiratory rate exceeding twenty-four breaths per minute require close monitoring to determine the physiological alterations. This careful observation is essential for prompt recognition and...
Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion01:30

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion

Respiratory system abnormalities are a significant concern in healthcare due to their potential to indicate underlying severe conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. These abnormalities can often be detected through physical examination methods like inspection and percussion.
Inspection Findings
During an inspection, several findings may suggest the presence of respiratory distress or disease. Pursed-lip breathing, where exhalation is slowed by...

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Phonation threshold flow measurements in normal and pathological phonation.

Peiyun Zhuang1, Alicia J Sprecher, Matthew R Hoffman

  • 1Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

The Laryngoscope
|March 6, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Phonation threshold flow (PTF) can differentiate between normal and pathological voices, particularly polyps. While gender affects PTF and mean flow rate (MFR), PTF shows significant potential for clinical laryngeal function analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Laryngology
  • Speech Science
  • Voice Disorders

Background:

  • Phonation threshold flow (PTF) is a potential biomarker for laryngeal function.
  • Vocal fold pathologies like polyps and nodules can alter glottal closure and vocal fold characteristics, potentially impacting PTF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the utility of PTF in differentiating between normal voices and those with vocal fold pathologies (nodules and polyps).
  • To assess the influence of gender and pathology on PTF and mean flow rate (MFR).

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 40 normal subjects, 21 with vocal fold nodules, and 23 with vocal fold polyps.
  • Measurements of PTF and MFR were collected using the Kay Elemetrics Phonatory Aerodynamic System (PAS).
  • Statistical analyses included t-tests, ANOVA, and receiver operation characteristics (ROC) analysis to evaluate diagnostic potential.

Main Results:

  • Both PTF and MFR were significantly influenced by gender.
  • Vocal pathology had a significant effect on PTF (P < .001) after correcting for gender.
  • Post hoc tests revealed significant differences between normal and polyp groups (P < .001), but not between normal and nodule, or nodule and polyp groups.
  • ROC analysis indicated similar diagnostic utility for PTF (AUC = 0.691) and MFR (AUC = 0.684).

Conclusions:

  • PTF serves as a valuable tool for distinguishing between normal and pathological voices.
  • The sensitivity of PTF to biomechanical parameters supports its clinical application in assessing laryngeal functionality.
  • Future research should explore PTF in other laryngeal conditions like paralysis and scarring.