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Related Concept Videos

Caspases01:24

Caspases

Caspase, a family of cysteine proteases, serve as effectors in apoptosis. The ced3 gene in C.elegans was first identified to be involved in apoptosis. This gene encodes the ced-3 caspase that is similar to the interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme or ICE in mammals. In addition to apoptosis, caspases also function in the inflammatory response. Inflammatory caspases are essential in activating pro-inflammatory cytokines that recruit immune cells and block the replication of pathogens inside cells.

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Evaluating Cell Death Signaling by Immunofluorescence in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke
11:32

Evaluating Cell Death Signaling by Immunofluorescence in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke

Published on: January 3, 2025

Sex differences in caspase activation after stroke.

Fudong Liu1, Zhong Li, Jun Li

  • 1Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.

Stroke
|March 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Sex differences in stroke cell death pathways were investigated. Caspase inhibition protected female mice from stroke injury, but not males, highlighting distinct therapeutic strategies.

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Caspase-3 Activity in the Rat Amygdala Measured by Spectrofluorometry After Myocardial Infarction

Published on: January 12, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Emerging evidence suggests sex-specific differences in ischemia-induced cell death pathways following stroke.
  • Male stroke mortality involves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation and apoptosis-inducing factor, a pathway where intervention benefits males but not females.
  • Caspase activation may represent the primary cell death mechanism in females post-ischemic injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sex differences in caspase activation following experimental stroke in adult mice.
  • To determine if inhibiting stroke-induced caspase activation offers preferential neuroprotection to female mice.

Main Methods:

  • Focal stroke was induced via middle cerebral artery occlusion in male and female C57BL/6 mice.
  • A pan-caspase inhibitor was administered at reperfusion to assess its effects on stroke outcomes.
  • Histological analysis and protein expression of key cell death markers were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • Female mice treated with the caspase inhibitor showed significantly reduced infarct volumes and improved neurological function.
  • The caspase inhibitor had no significant effect on stroke outcomes in male mice.
  • Increased cytochrome C release and nuclear caspase-8 levels were observed in female mice post-stroke.

Conclusions:

  • Female mice exhibit early cytochrome C release and heightened caspase activation after middle cerebral artery occlusion.
  • Caspase inhibition demonstrates therapeutic efficacy in females but not males following ischemic stroke.
  • Significant sex-based disparities exist in the response to ischemic injury and the effectiveness of neuroprotective treatments.