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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

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Published on: January 2, 2017
New developments in immunosuppressive therapy for heart transplantation
Kiran K Khush1, Hannah A Valantine
1Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. kkhush@cvmed.stanford.edu
Background:
Heart transplantation is a well-established therapeutic option for many patients with end-stage heart disease. A major challenge in heart transplantation today is providing effective immunosuppression to prevent graft rejection while minimizing the many adverse effects of currently available therapies.
Objective:
To systematically review current immunosuppressive treatment strategies after heart transplantation and to review emerging drugs in various stages of development.
Methods:
A comprehensive literature review was performed using the online PubMed and Pharmaprojects databases.
Results/Conclusions:
This article gives an overview of the immunosuppressive agents in current use, with a detailed review of emerging drugs with novel therapeutic targets.
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