Host-range characterization of two Pratylenchus coffeae isolates from Brazil

Area of Science:

• Plant Pathology
• Nematology
• Agricultural Science

Background:

• Pratylenchus coffeae, a plant-parasitic nematode, can cause significant damage to various crops.
• Understanding nematode host preference is crucial for developing effective management strategies and preventing crop loss.

Purpose of the Study:

• To characterize the host preference of two distinct Pratylenchus coffeae isolates from Brazil.
• To compare the host ranges of isolates originating from coffee and Aglaonema plants.

Main Methods:

• Two Pratylenchus coffeae isolates were maintained on alfalfa callus.
• Greenhouse experiments were conducted using 24 different plant species to assess host preference.
• Host suitability was determined by evaluating plant responses to nematode infestation.

Main Results:

• The Marília isolate preferred sorghum, maize, rice, millet, okra, melon, eggplant, and lettuce, with poor support for coffee and banana.
• The Rio de Janeiro isolate thrived on sesame, soybean, sorghum, castor oil plant, watermelon, squash, eggplant, and melon, with poor support for coffee and banana.
• Significant differences in host range were observed between the two isolates, suggesting a link to their molecular and morphological variations.

Conclusions:

• Pratylenchus coffeae isolates exhibit distinct host preferences, challenging assumptions about their host range.
• Coffee, banana, and citrus are not preferred hosts for these specific isolates.
• Observed differences in host preference may be associated with the molecular and morphological characteristics of the nematode isolates.