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Related Concept Videos

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes
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Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes

Published on: February 14, 2020

A method for accelerated trait conversion in plant breeding.

Ramsey S Lewis1, S P Kernodle

  • 1Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA. ramsey_lewis@ncsu.edu

TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. Theoretische Und Angewandte Genetik
|March 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accelerate crop trait conversion using a modified backcrossing method. Overexpressing the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) gene significantly reduces flowering time in tobacco, halving the time needed for gene transfer in cultivar development.

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Published on: December 19, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics and breeding
  • Molecular biology
  • Crop improvement

Background:

  • Backcrossing is a standard technique for transferring desirable genes into elite crop varieties.
  • The efficiency of backcrossing is often limited by long generation times and plant photoperiod sensitivity.
  • The FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) gene from Arabidopsis thaliana is known to induce early flowering when constitutively overexpressed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a modified backcrossing strategy using transgenic FT overexpression to shorten generation times.
  • To assess the efficacy of this method in accelerating gene transfer for cultivar development in tobacco.
  • To determine if FT transgene insertion affects the inheritance of other important agronomic traits.

Main Methods:

  • Constitutive overexpression of the FT gene in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) to induce early flowering.
  • Implementation of a modified backcrossing procedure involving selection for FT and target traits, followed by selection against FT in the final generation.
  • Analysis of FT transgene segregation patterns relative to disease resistance genes.

Main Results:

  • Constitutive FT overexpression dramatically reduced flowering time in diverse tobacco genetic backgrounds, from 87–138 days to an average of 39 days.
  • FT transgene insertions segregated independently of several key disease resistance genes.
  • No detrimental epigenetic effects on flowering time were observed after FT segregation.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed modified backcrossing system effectively reduces generation time by nearly 50% in tobacco.
  • This method holds significant potential for accelerating trait conversion in crops with long generation times or photoperiod sensitivity.
  • The FT-mediated early flowering strategy offers a valuable tool for modern plant breeding programs.