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Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Inspiratory resistive loading after all-out exercise improves subsequent performance.

Gaspar R Chiappa1, Jorge P Ribeiro, Cristiano N Alves

  • 1Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Cardiology Division, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-007, Brazil.

European Journal of Applied Physiology
|March 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Post-exercise inspiratory resistive loading (IRL) reduces blood lactate and perceived exertion. This improved peak power in subsequent maximal exercise, though it also increased the fatigue index.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Sports Science
  • Human Performance

Background:

  • Previous research indicated post-exercise inspiratory resistive loading (IRL) effectively reduces blood lactate ([Lac(b)(-)]).
  • The impact of IRL on subsequent exercise performance remained to be elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that IRL during recovery enhances subsequent exercise performance.
  • To examine the effects of IRL on blood lactate, perceived exertion, cardiac output, and muscle oxygenation.

Main Methods:

  • Eight healthy males performed two sequential 30-s cycle ergometer Wingate tests.
  • During the 10-min recovery between tests, subjects underwent either free breathing or IRL (15 cm H(2)O) with passive leg recovery.
  • Measurements included arterialized [Lac(b)(-)], Borg ratings, cardiac output (QT), and vastus lateralis deoxygenation (DeltaHHb).

Main Results:

  • IRL significantly reduced [Lac(b)(-)] after 4 minutes of recovery compared to free-breathing.
  • Effort perception was lower during late recovery with IRL.
  • Peripheral muscle reoxygenation was impaired with IRL, indicating reduced convective O(2) delivery.
  • IRL improved peak and mean power but increased the fatigue index in the subsequent Wingate test.

Conclusions:

  • IRL post-Wingate test reduces perceived exertion and enhances peak power for subsequent maximal exercise.
  • IRL has a dual effect on performance, improving power output while potentially increasing fatigue.
  • The findings suggest IRL can be a strategy to modulate recovery and performance, despite altered muscle oxygenation dynamics.