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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Fibroblast Derived Human Engineered Connective Tissue for Screening Applications
Published on: August 20, 2021
Trial by CCN2: a standardized test for fibroproliferative disease?
1Canadian Institutes of Health Research Group in Skeletal Development and Remodeling, Division of Oral Biology and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1, andrew.leask@schulich.uwo.ca.
Abstract:
A major issue concerning clinical trials is the availability of standardized assays to evaluate drug efficacy. Ideally, such assays should test the effect of a putative drug on the expression of a biomarker in biological fluids. In a recent study by Kuiper et al. (PLOS One, 3(7): e2675). The relative levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CCN2 (connective tissue growth factor [CTGF]) were examined in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). This paper is the subject of this commentary.
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