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Emotion suppression in borderline personality disorder: an experience sampling study.

Alexander L Chapman1, M Zachary Rosenthal, Debbie W Leung

  • 1Simon Fraser University, Department of Psychology, Burnaby, BC, Canada. alchapma@sfu.ca

Journal of Personality Disorders
|March 10, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Emotion suppression may benefit individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) features by increasing positive emotions and reducing impulsive behavior urges. This contrasts with findings in individuals with low BPD features, suggesting nuanced effects.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Emotion Regulation

Background:

  • Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by difficulties in emotion regulation.
  • Emotion suppression is often considered a maladaptive strategy, particularly for individuals with BPD features.
  • Previous research has primarily examined emotion regulation in laboratory settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of emotion suppression in the natural environment on individuals with high and low borderline personality disorder (BPD) features.
  • To compare emotion regulation strategies between individuals with high and low BPD features in real-world settings.
  • To examine whether emotion suppression is maladaptive for individuals with BPD features in daily life.

Main Methods:

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  • A four-day ecological momentary assessment study was conducted.
  • Participants (high-BPD n=30, low-BPD n=39) responded to prompts from a personal data assistant eight times daily.
  • The study involved a baseline day, an emotion observation day, an emotion suppression day, and a final observation day.

    • Main Results:

    • Individuals with high BPD features reported increased positive emotions and decreased urges for impulsive behavior on the emotion suppression day compared to observation days.
    • Conversely, individuals with low BPD features experienced higher negative emotions on the suppression day than on observation or baseline days.
    • Findings contradict the notion that emotion suppression is universally maladaptive for individuals with BPD features.

    Conclusions:

    • Emotion suppression may yield positive outcomes for individuals with BPD features in naturalistic settings.
    • The effects of emotion suppression appear to differ significantly between individuals with high and low BPD features.
    • Further research is needed to understand the conditions under which emotion suppression is beneficial or detrimental for individuals with BPD features.