Quantification of human hepatic binding protein (HBP) via 99mTc-galactosyl-neoglycoalbumin (NGA) liver scintigraphy

99mTc-galactosyl-neoglycoalbumin (99mTc-NGA) was synthesized by covalent coupling of 2-imino-2-methoxyethyl-1-thio-beta-D-galactopyranoside to the primary amino groups of human serum albumin. Injection of 99mTc-NGA (150 MBq; 3.5 mg (= 50 nmol)/ml demonstrated the liver to be the exclusive site of tracer-uptake. Simulation of 99mTc-NGA-kinetics allowed quantification of binding to the hepatic binding protein (HBP). Using this model we studied 250 patients with various liver disease. In alcoholic liver cirrhosis such patients with Child B and Child C stage cirrhosis had a lower HBP-concentration in the liver compared to control individuals (0.85-1.2 mumol/l). The group with the most advanced cirrhosis (Child C stage) had a significantly lower HBP-concentration (0.20-0.45 mumol/l) than Child A patients (0.60-0.85 mumol/l; p less than 0.01) and Child B patients (0.45-0.60 mumol/l; p less than 0.05). In patients with biopsy proven liver fibrosis (0.80-1.22 mumol/l) no difference in receptor concentration to normal individuals was estimated. Patients with recently diagnosed acute viral hepatitis underwent repeated 99mTc-galactosyl-neoglycoalbumin (NGA) scanning of the liver during the course of the disease. Return of liver function tests to normal values was associated with an increased hepatic imaging size as well as increase in HBP-concentration (up to a 3-fold of initial concentration). In patients exhibiting a prolonged course of the disease changes in NGA-kinetic data were borderline and the hepatic image size unchanged.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)