Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Design to Implementation Study for Development and Patient Validation of Paper-Based Toehold Switch Diagnostics
Published on: June 17, 2022
Systematic review of handoff mnemonics literature
Lee Ann Riesenberg1, Jessica Leitzsch, Brian W Little
1Academic Affairs, Christiana Care Health System, Newark, Delaware, USA. Lriesenberg@christianacare.org
Abstract:
A systematic review of published English-language articles on handoffs is conducted (1987 to June 4, 2008). Forty-six articles describing 24 handoff mnemonics are identified by trained reviewers. The majority (82.6%) have been published in the last 3 years (2006-2008), and SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation) is the most frequently cited mnemonic (69.6%). Of 7 handoff research articles, only 4 study mnemonics. All 4 of these studies have relatively small sample sizes (10-100) and lack validated instruments. Only 1 study has obtained IRB approval. Scientifically rigorous research studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of handoff mnemonics. These should be published in the peer-reviewed literature using the Standards for QUality Improvement Reporting Excellence (SQUIRE) guidelines.
Related Concept Videos
SBAR I: Understanding the Concept
Standardized methods of communication have been developed to ensure that information is...
Types of Reports I: Hand-off Report
Following are the key components and categories of hand-off reports:
Purpose and Process:
Mnemonic Devices
Acronyms
Acronyms are created by using the initial letters of a series of words to form a new word or phrase. This approach condenses complex information into a single, memorable entity. For example,...
Discharge Summary Forms
Here's a detailed look at the key components and guidelines for preparing a discharge summary:
Methods of Documentation II: POMR
Documentation in Long-Term and Home Healthcare Setting
Long-Term Care Facilities

