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Screening for kidney disease in children on World Kidney Day in Jalisco, Mexico

Susan M Koshy1, Guillermo Garcia-Garcia, Jacob Sandoval Pamplona

  • 1Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|March 10, 2009
PubMed

Insights

World Kidney Day screening identified frequent cases of hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, and obesity in Mexican children. This community-based approach may help detect pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension in developing nations.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • World Kidney Day (WKD) primarily focuses on adult chronic kidney disease (CKD), neglecting pediatric populations.
  • Early detection of CKD and hypertension in children is crucial for long-term health outcomes.
  • Screening initiatives in developing nations are vital for identifying at-risk pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of community-based screening for CKD and hypertension in children under 18 in Mexico.
  • To determine the prevalence of key indicators of kidney disease and hypertension in this pediatric cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study conducted on World Kidney Day (2006, 2007) involving children under 18 without known CKD.
  • Measurements included body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, serum creatinine, and dipstick urinalysis.
  • Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated using the Schwartz equation; reduced GFR was defined as < 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2).

Main Results:

  • 240 children were screened; 16.1% had proteinuria and 17.5% had hematuria.
  • 15% of children exhibited BMI above the 95th percentile for age.
  • Reduced GFR was found in 1.7% of participants, and systolic hypertension was noted, particularly in younger children (0-8 years).

Conclusions:

  • Community-based screening programs can effectively detect high rates of hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, and obesity in children.
  • These findings highlight the potential utility of such screening in identifying pediatric CKD and hypertension in developing countries.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the long-term implications and management strategies for these identified pediatric cases.

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