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H5N1 surveillance in migratory birds in Java, Indonesia
Arthur C Stoops1, Katie A Barbara, Mochamad Indrawan
1Naval Medical Research Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)
|March 11, 2009
Summary
Migratory birds play a limited role in H5N1 transmission in Java, Indonesia. Captive birds showed higher H5N1 antibody prevalence than wild birds, suggesting local transmission dynamics.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Science
- Epidemiology
- Avian Influenza Research
Background:
- Avian influenza virus (H5N1) poses a significant zoonotic threat.
- Understanding transmission dynamics is crucial for disease control, especially in enzoonotic regions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of migratory, resident, and captive birds in H5N1 transmission in Java, Indonesia.
- To identify bird species and populations most affected by H5N1.
Main Methods:
- Sampling of 4,067 birds (98 species) across five sites in Java from October 2006 to September 2007.
- Detection of H5N1 antibodies via ELISA and hemagglutination inhibition tests.
- Molecular detection of H5N1 RNA using RT-PCR and phylogenetic analysis of HA, NA, and M genes.
Main Results:
- Overall H5N1 antibody prevalence was 5.3%, with significantly higher rates in captive birds (16.1%) compared to migratory or resident birds.
- Muscovy ducks (captive), striated herons (resident), and Pacific golden plovers (migratory) had the highest seropositivity.
- Molecular evidence of H5N1 was found in seven captive birds, with HA gene similarity to a 2006 West Java isolate and M segment mutations conferring adamantane resistance.
Conclusions:
- H5N1 infection shows moderate serologic evidence in captive birds in Java, with limited infection in migratory and resident birds.
- Migratory birds appear to have a restricted role in H5N1 transmission within this Indonesian enzoonotic area.
- Findings highlight the importance of monitoring captive bird populations for H5N1 surveillance and control.
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