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Nuclear mutations affecting mitochondrial structure and function in Chlamydomonas.

A Wiseman, N W Gillham, J E Boynton

    The Journal of Cell Biology
    |April 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Dark-dier (dk) mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exhibit defects in mitochondrial function and structure. These mutants, crucial for understanding algal respiration, highlight genetic control over cellular energy processes.

    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Genetics
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Wild type Chlamydomonas reinhardtii utilizes acetate for dark respiration.
    • Obligate photoautotrophic (dark-dier, dk) mutants fail to survive in darkness due to mitochondrial defects.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize Mendelian dark-dier mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
    • To investigate the genetic and functional basis of mitochondrial respiration defects.

    Main Methods:

    • Selection and genetic analysis of dark-dier mutants.
    • Complementation analysis to identify distinct gene loci.
    • Ultrastructural analysis of mitochondria.
    • Biochemical assays of respiratory enzyme activities (cytochrome oxidase, NADH-cytochrome c reductase).

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    Main Results:

    • Nine Mendelian dk mutants were isolated, belonging to eight complementation groups.
    • Mutants were classified into three groups based on mitochondrial ultrastructure and enzyme deficiencies.
    • Class I mutants showed severe mitochondrial defects and enzyme deficiencies.
    • Class II mutants had milder ultrastructural alterations and cytochrome oxidase deficiencies.
    • Class III mutants displayed near-normal ultrastructure but reduced cytochrome oxidase activity.
    • Eight mutants showed reduced cyanide-sensitive respiration.

    Conclusions:

    • Mendelian dark-dier mutants reveal distinct genetic loci affecting mitochondrial structure and function.
    • Mutations impact key respiratory complexes, including cytochrome oxidase.
    • These mutants provide valuable tools for studying algal mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration.