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Related Concept Videos

Trihybrid Crosses02:27

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal chance to...
Dihybrid Crosses01:18

Dihybrid Crosses

Overview
Monohybrid Crosses01:20

Monohybrid Crosses

Overview
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
Genetic Variation01:25

Genetic Variation

Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
Genes exist in different versions called alleles, which...

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Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

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Inoculation Method for Studying Early Responses of Glycine max to Heterodera glycines.

Journal of nematology·2009
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Physical mapping of resistant and susceptible soybean genomes near the soybean cyst nematode resistance gene Rhg4.

Genome·2002
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Soybean receptor-like protein kinase genes: paralogous divergence of a gene family.

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Molecular characterization of two soybean homologs of Arabidopsis thaliana CLAVATA1 from the wild type and fasciation mutant.

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A bacterial artificial chromosome library for soybean PI 437654 and identification of clones associated with cyst nematode resistance.

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Polygalacturonase and polygalacturonase inhibitor protein: gene isolation and transcription in Glycine max-Heterodera glycines interactions.

Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI·1999

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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

A Contrast of Three Inoculation Techniques used to Determine the Race of Unknown Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum Isolates
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A Contrast of Three Inoculation Techniques used to Determine the Race of Unknown Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum Isolates

Published on: October 28, 2021

Diversity Among a Heterodera glycines Field Isolate and Derived Inbreds Based on RAPD Analysis and Reproduction on

L Zhang, R A Dean, H T Knap

    Journal of Nematology
    |March 11, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    Inbreeding soybean cyst nematodes (Heterodera glycines) reduced genetic diversity and altered reproduction on soybean differentials. Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis revealed decreased genetic variation in inbred lines.

    Keywords:
    Glycines maxHeterodera glycinesPCRRAPDcystdiversitygeneticsinbreedingisolatenematodepopulationresistancesoybeansoybean cyst

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    Area of Science:

    • Plant Nematology
    • Molecular Genetics
    • Agricultural Science

    Background:

    • The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, is a major soybean pest.
    • Understanding genetic diversity and its impact on SCN virulence is crucial for developing resistant soybean cultivars.
    • Inbreeding is a method to study genetic variation and its effects on pest populations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of inbreeding on the genetic diversity of Heterodera glycines populations.
    • To assess how inbreeding influences the reproductive capacity of SCN on different soybean differentials.
    • To compare genetic diversity estimates derived from molecular markers and pedigree data.

    Main Methods:

    • Controlled mating and single-cyst inoculation were used to inbreed Heterodera glycines.
    • Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed on initial and inbred populations.
    • Reproductive success of inbred SCN lines was evaluated on a set of soybean race differentials.

    Main Results:

    • Inbred SCN populations exhibited reduced genetic diversity, indicated by fewer total and polymorphic bands in RAPD profiles.
    • The percentage of polymorphic loci decreased significantly from approximately 25% in the initial population to 4-7% in inbred lines.
    • Reproduction of H. glycines decreased in 6 out of 24 inbred-soybean combinations, with notable reductions on soybean PI 90763.
    • Inbreeding did not alter the variance in cyst numbers across soybean genotypes.
    • Inbreeding coefficients calculated from RAPD data exceeded those from pedigree analysis.

    Conclusions:

    • Inbreeding significantly reduces genetic diversity within Heterodera glycines populations.
    • Reduced genetic diversity in inbred SCN lines can lead to altered reproductive fitness on specific soybean genotypes.
    • RAPD analysis is a valuable tool for estimating genetic diversity and inbreeding levels in SCN, providing insights potentially more accurate than pedigree data alone.