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Related Concept Videos

Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes

Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
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NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
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Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.

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An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets
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Guido Ferlazzo1, Christian Münz

  • 1Laboratory of Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Human Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Policlinico, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy. guido.ferlazzo@unime.it

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Interactions between dendritic cells (DCs) and natural killer (NK) cells enhance immune responses. Harnessing this innate immune cell cross-talk with novel adjuvants could improve immunotherapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Innate Immunity
  • Cellular Interactions

Background:

  • Innate lymphocytes, including dendritic cells (DCs) and natural killer (NK) cells, interact to enhance immune responses.
  • This cross-talk influences not only innate immunity but also the adaptive immune response.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing effective immunotherapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent research on the subsets of DCs and NK cells involved in their interaction.
  • To elucidate how this DC-NK cell cross-talk influences immune responses.
  • To investigate the integration of similar stimuli by DCs and NK cells during innate immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on DC-NK cell interactions.
  • Analysis of immune response modulation by DC-NK cell cross-talk.
  • Examination of stimulus integration by DCs and NK cells.

Main Results:

  • Specific subsets of DCs and NK cells are identified as key players in their mutual interaction.
  • The cross-talk significantly modulates both innate and adaptive immune responses.
  • DCs and NK cells share and integrate similar stimuli during innate immune activation.

Conclusions:

  • The cross-talk between DCs and NK cells is a critical component of the innate immune system.
  • Activating both DCs and NK cells simultaneously holds promise for novel immunotherapies.
  • New adjuvant formulations targeting both cell types could enhance therapeutic efficacy.