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Related Concept Videos

Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the cochlea, a...
Assessment of the Mouth01:26

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A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
Factors Affecting Perception01:25

Factors Affecting Perception

Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...
Causes of Similarity-Dissimilarity Effect01:26

Causes of Similarity-Dissimilarity Effect

The similarity-dissimilarity effect, a fundamental concept in social psychology, explains how interpersonal similarities and differences influence attraction and social interactions. This effect is supported by three key psychological perspectives: balance theory, social comparison theory, and consensual validation.Balance Theory and Cognitive ConsistencyBalance theory, developed by Fritz Heider, posits that individuals seek cognitive consistency in their relationships. When two people share...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

DECtalk and VeriVox: intelligibility, likeability, and rate preference differences for four listener groups.

Shelley Von Berg1, Anna Panorska, Dennis Uken

  • 1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, California State University, Chico, CA, USA. svonberg@csuchico.edu

Augmentative and Alternative Communication (Baltimore, Md. : 1985)
|March 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Synthesized child voices are less intelligible than adult voices across all ages. Older adults preferred faster speech rates, unlike previous findings, possibly due to new text-to-speech technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Speech technology
  • Human-computer interaction
  • Acoustic phonetics

Background:

  • Text-to-speech (TTS) systems are increasingly used in assistive technology.
  • Understanding user preferences for synthesized speech is crucial for effective implementation.
  • Previous research on speech rate preferences in older adults yielded varied results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare intelligibility and likeability of DECtalk and VeriVox synthesized speech across age groups.
  • To investigate preferred speech presentation rates across different ages.
  • To identify factors influencing synthesized voice preference and intelligibility.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated intelligibility, likeability, and preferred speech rates of DECtalk and VeriVox synthesized voices.
  • Tested four age groups (6-85 years).
  • Analyzed results based on age and voice type (adult vs. child).

Main Results:

  • Child synthesized voices showed significantly lower intelligibility than adult voices across all age groups.
  • VeriVox voices were generally more popular than DECtalk.
  • Preferred speech presentation rate increased with age, with the oldest group preferring the fastest rates.

Conclusions:

  • Synthesized voice characteristics (e.g., child vs. adult) significantly impact intelligibility.
  • User preference for speech rate in synthesized voices may be influenced by age and specific TTS technologies.
  • Findings have implications for improving text-to-speech products and Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) practices.