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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy ll: Types01:22

Epilepsy ll: Types

Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.
Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Seizures l: Introduction01:20

Seizures l: Introduction

Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...

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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

[Autism, epilepsy and temporal lobe pathology].

J J García-Peñas1

  • 1Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, España. jgarciape.hnjs@salud.madrid.org

Revista De Neurologia
|March 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Temporal lobe epilepsy may contribute to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by disrupting early brain development, affecting social intelligence and cognitive skills. This highlights shared neural networks between autism and epilepsy.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Clinical Neurology

Context:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) involves social, language, and behavioral challenges, suggesting widespread neural system involvement.
  • The temporal lobe, crucial for the social brain, shows alterations in ASD.
  • Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) frequently co-occurs with psychopathology, including ASD and disruptive behaviors.

Purpose:

  • To explore the intricate relationship between autism, epilepsy, and temporal lobe dysfunction.
  • To investigate shared neurobiological underpinnings between TLE and ASD.
  • To understand how early TLE may impact brain development and lead to ASD.

Summary:

  • Damage to temporal lobe structures like the amygdala and hippocampus in TLE mirrors autistic behaviors.

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Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients
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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study
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  • Anatomic alterations in TLE patients involve key social brain areas (amygdala, hippocampus, superior temporal sulcus).
  • Studies link TLE, ASD, and neuroimaging changes in the hippocampus and amygdala.

    • Impact:

    • Understanding the autism-TLE phenotype can illuminate shared neuronal networks responsible for both conditions.
    • Early TLE may disrupt the maturation of brain systems essential for social intelligence and cognitive skills.
    • Further research is needed to determine if seizures or early epileptogenic effects are primary drivers of ASD in TLE.