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Related Experiment Videos

Risk-specific nosocomial infection rates.

A Josephson1, L Karanfil, H Alonso

  • 1Epidemiology Department, SUNY-Health Science Center, Brooklyn 11203.

The American Journal of Medicine
|September 16, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Calculating hospital-acquired infection rates requires specific patient data. This study developed risk-specific infection rates by combining surveillance data with patient denominator files, revealing significant variations across patient groups.

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Area of Science:

  • Hospital epidemiology
  • Infection control
  • Public health surveillance

Background:

  • Nosocomial infection rates differ by hospital area and service.
  • Developing accurate, area-specific rates is challenging due to limited denominator data.
  • Existing methods often lack the granularity for precise comparisons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop risk-specific hospital-acquired infection rates.
  • To integrate numerator and denominator data for enhanced analysis.
  • To identify variations in infection rates based on patient-specific factors.

Main Methods:

  • Collected numerator data using National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System criteria for hospital-wide, high-risk nursery, and ICU surveillance.
  • Utilized a patient-specific denominator file from a university hospital.

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  • Combined numerator and denominator data to enable risk-specific rate development.

    • Main Results:

    • Developed risk-specific infection rates by controlling for key variables.
    • Observed significant rate differences based on length of stay, hospital day, age, birthweight, and survival cohorts.
    • Demonstrated the utility of cumulative incidence and incidence density methods for detailed analysis.

    Conclusions:

    • Integrating patient-specific denominator data enhances the accuracy of infection rate calculations.
    • Risk-specific rates reveal critical variations in nosocomial infections across diverse patient populations.
    • This approach provides a more nuanced understanding for targeted infection control strategies.