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Upper extremity regional anesthesia: essentials of our current understanding, 2008
Joseph M Neal1, J C Gerancher, James R Hebl
1Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA. anejmn@vmmc.org
Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
|March 14, 2009
Summary
This review updates evidence-based practices for brachial plexus blockade, a key regional anesthesia technique. It covers anatomy, techniques, pharmacology, and complications for upper extremity anesthesia.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Regional Anesthesia
- Peripheral Nerve Blocks
Background:
- Brachial plexus blockade is fundamental in regional anesthesia for upper extremity procedures.
- The American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine provides evidence-based educational resources.
- This article serves as a comprehensive update to the 2002 review on upper extremity anesthesia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated, evidence-based review of brachial plexus anesthesia.
- To consolidate current knowledge on upper extremity regional anesthesia techniques and practices.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review and synthesis of current evidence.
- Focus on pertinent anatomy, block techniques, pharmacology, and clinical considerations.
- Analysis of complications and perioperative issues related to brachial plexus blocks.
Main Results:
- Detailed examination of brachial plexus anatomy and its relevance to block success.
- Evaluation of various approaches and techniques to optimize block quality.
- Discussion of local anesthetic and adjuvant pharmacology, including efficacy and safety profiles.
- Analysis of potential complications and strategies for their prevention and management.
- Review of perioperative considerations and emerging challenges in research.
Conclusions:
- Brachial plexus blockade remains a critical skill for anesthesiologists.
- Updated knowledge on anatomy, techniques, and pharmacology enhances patient safety and block efficacy.
- Addressing complications and future research challenges is vital for advancing regional anesthesia.
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