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Depression in recently bereaved prepubertal children.

R A Weller1, E B Weller, M A Fristad

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.

The American Journal of Psychiatry
|November 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Bereaved children frequently experience depressive symptoms, with over a third meeting criteria for a major depressive episode. Factors like the mother surviving, prior psychiatric issues, family depression history, and high socioeconomic status are linked to increased symptoms in grieving children.

Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Grief and Bereavement Studies

Background:

  • Parental death is a significant stressor for prepubertal children.
  • Understanding the psychological impact of bereavement is crucial for early intervention.
  • Distinguishing grief reactions from clinical depression in children is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and compare depressive symptoms in recently bereaved prepubertal children versus those with diagnosed depression.
  • To explore factors associated with depressive symptoms in children experiencing parental loss.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 38 recently bereaved prepubertal children was compared to 38 hospitalized depressed children matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic status.
  • Both groups underwent comprehensive evaluations using the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents (DICA) for children and parents.

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  • Family histories and demographic data were collected to identify potential contributing factors.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant proportion (37%) of bereaved children met DSM-III-R criteria for a major depressive episode.
    • Depressed children exhibited more depressive symptoms on average than bereaved children.
    • Increased depressive symptoms in bereaved children were associated with the mother as the surviving parent, pre-existing child psychiatric disorders, family history of depression, and high socioeconomic status.

    Conclusions:

    • Parental bereavement in prepubertal children can lead to the immediate development of major depressive episode symptoms.
    • The long-term relationship between these acute bereavement-related depressive symptoms, subsequent grief, and major depressive disorder requires further investigation.