Alkyne-linked 2,2-disubstituted-indolin-3-one oligomers as extended beta-strand mimetics
Pauline N Wyrembak1, Andrew D Hamilton
1Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, USA.
Abstract:
The design, synthesis, and structural analysis of a new foldamer that mimics an extended beta-sheet are presented. The nonpeptidic mimetic is based on a series of 2,2-disubstituted-indolin-3-one groups linked through their 4,7-positions by an alkyne spacer. An intramolecular hydrogen bond between the carbonyl of one indolinone subunit and the proximal NH of another subunit imposes a conformation that mimics the side chain positioning on a beta-strand. X-ray crystallographic studies support the presence of this intramolecular hydrogen bond. The described approach allows extension of the scaffold to longer oligomers that will form the basis of new mimetics for the disruption of therapeutically relevant protein-protein interactions that rely on the contacts of side chain residues on two beta-strands.
More Related Videos
11:37Protocol for the Solid-phase Synthesis of Oligomers of RNA Containing a 2'-O-thiophenylmethyl Modification and Characterization via Circular Dichroism
Published on: July 28, 2017
09:34Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly
Published on: February 6, 2020
Related Concept Videos
Electrophilic Addition to Alkynes: Halogenation
Halogenation is another class of electrophilic addition reactions where a halogen molecule gets added across a π bond. In alkynes, the presence of two π bonds allows for the addition of two equivalents of halogens (bromine or chlorine). The addition of the first halogen molecule forms a trans-dihaloalkene as the major product and the cis isomer as the minor product. Subsequent addition of the second equivalent yields the tetrahalide.
Preparation of Alkynes: Alkylation Reaction
Alkylation of terminal alkynes with primary alkyl halides in the presence of a strong base like sodium amide is one of the common methods for the synthesis of longer carbon-chain alkynes. For example, treatment of 1-propyne with sodium amide followed by reaction with ethyl bromide yields 2-pentyne.
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH3
Structure and Physical Properties of Alkynes
In nature, compounds containing both carbon and hydrogen are known as "hydrocarbons". Aliphatic hydrocarbons are compounds whose molecules contain saturated single bonds (i.e., alkanes) or unsaturated double or triple bonds. Alkenes contain carbon–carbon double bonds and have a structural formula CnH2n. Unsaturated hydrocarbons containing carbon–carbon triple bonds are called "alkynes" and are structurally represented by the formula CnH2n-2.
The simplest alkyne is ethyne, or...
