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Vulvar cancer in young women: demographic features and outcome evaluation
Grainger S Lanneau1, Peter A Argenta, Marion S Lanneau
1Section of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
Objective:
The objective of the study was to identify prognostic and environmental factors associated with vulvar carcinoma in young women.
Study Design:
This study was a review of patients younger than 45 years who were diagnosed with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma between 1994 and 2006.
Results:
Fifty-six patients were identified. Median age was 38 years and median follow-up was 25.3 months. Fifty-eight percent of patients presented with stage I disease; 77% smoked tobacco. Of patients with advanced disease, 53.3% were smokers, 40% had human papillomavirus (HPV) exposure, 46.7% had a history of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN), and 6.7% were immunocompromised. Symptoms were present for more than 12 months in 47%, but symptom duration did not correlate with stage (P = .42) or positive lymph nodes (P = .28). Disease recurred in 10.7% and 5.4% died of disease.
Conclusion:
Young women with vulvar cancer tend to have early-stage disease, smoke, have a history of HPV, and have VIN. Many of the factors that place these patients at continuous risk are modifiable.
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