Determination hematotoxic and hepatotoxic effects of trichloroacetic acid at sublethal dosage in rats

The present study was designed to understand the effects of sublethal concentration of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) on hematological constituents [Red Blood Corpuscles (RBC) White Blood Corpuscles (WBC), Mean Cell Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), Platelet (PLT) counts, Hemoglobin (HB) and Hematocrite (HCT) levels] and liver damage biomarker [cholesterol (CHL), protein (PRT) and bilirubin (BIL)] in rats at subchronic period under laboratory conditions. 2000 ppm dosage of TCA was administered orally to 6 male rats ad libitum during the tests for 52 days consecutively. Results showed that TCA caused a significant increase in the serum BIL whereas decrease in PRT and CHL. With regards to hematological constituents, while RBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, HB and HCT level decreased significantly, PLT counts increased in rats treated with 2000 ppm of TCA exposure. The observations presented led us to conclude that TCA administration of subchronic at sublethal dosage induced the liver damage and possessed hematotoxic in rat. These data, along with the determined changes suggest that TCA produce substantial systemic organ toxicity in rats during the period of a 52-day subchronic exposure.