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Related Concept Videos

Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs02:26

Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs

Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview01:24

Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview

Mania, a psychological condition characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and reduced sleep need, is part of the bipolar disorder cycle. The exact cause of mania isn't entirely known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Bipolar disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes. Mood stabilizers like lithium, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants help manage these episodes. Lithium carbonate is particularly effective as a...
Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within the...
Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic symptoms in all...
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:30

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder that can manifest with various positive symptoms, including thought, movement, and behavior disorders. These symptoms significantly disrupt cognitive and motor functions, leading to profound effects on an individual's ability to engage with the world.
Thought Disorders
Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes loosely...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder
04:42

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder

Published on: May 2, 2025

Copy variations in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

H M Lachman1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Basic Research Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA. lachman@aecom.yu.edu

Cytogenetic and Genome Research
|March 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Copy number variations (CNVs) are increasingly used to find genetic factors in complex traits like schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). Research shows CNVs contribute to SZ and BD development, offering promising avenues for genetic discovery.

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Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia
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Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder
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Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia
13:08

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia

Published on: December 2, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Psychiatric Disorders
  • Genomic Research

Background:

  • Complex traits like schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) have genetic underpinnings.
  • Copy number variations (CNVs) are emerging as significant genetic factors in these conditions.
  • Understanding CNVs is crucial for advancing research in psychiatric genetics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review studies on the role of CNVs in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
  • To explore two key aspects of CNV analysis in psychiatric disorders: gene discovery and disease susceptibility.
  • To highlight the potential of CNV analysis in identifying genetic factors for complex traits.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing research studies on CNVs in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
  • Analysis of gene discovery approaches using patient-specific CNVs.
  • Examination of genetic association studies for polymorphic CNVs and disease susceptibility.
  • Comparison of CNVs to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in disease pathogenesis research.

Main Results:

  • CNVs play a role in the development of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
  • Rare, patient-specific CNVs can aid in gene discovery (e.g., DISC1 in SZ).
  • Common, polymorphic CNVs can disrupt known candidate genes and contribute to disease susceptibility through genetic association.

Conclusions:

  • CNV analysis is a promising research area for understanding the genetic basis of complex psychiatric disorders.
  • Despite being in its early stages, CNV analysis has already yielded informative findings.
  • CNVs offer a valuable tool for both identifying novel candidate genes and assessing the contribution of common genetic variations to disease risk.