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Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Procedures for In Vitro Cultivation of Treponema pallidum, the Syphilis Spirochete

Procedures for In Vitro Cultivation of Treponema pallidum, the Syphilis Spirochete

Published on: January 24, 2025

Atypical forms of syphilis: two cases.

Gilles Avenel¹, Vincent Goëb, Philippe Abboud

¹Service de Rhumatologie, CHU-Hôpitaux de Rouen, & Inserm, U905, IFRMP23, Institut de Biologie Clinique, Rouen, France. avenel_gilles@hotmail.fr

Joint Bone Spine

|March 18, 2009

Summary

Syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection, can manifest in joints and the nervous system. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing these diverse symptoms.

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Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Procedures for In Vitro Cultivation of Treponema pallidum, the Syphilis Spirochete

Procedures for In Vitro Cultivation of Treponema pallidum, the Syphilis Spirochete

Published on: January 24, 2025

Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Neurology
Rheumatology

Background:

Syphilis, caused by Treponema pallidum, is a sexually transmitted infection with varied clinical presentations.
Late-stage syphilis can affect multiple organ systems, including joints and the central nervous system.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) co-infection is common in syphilis patients, influencing disease progression.

Observation:

Two non-HIV infected patients diagnosed with syphilis in 2008 presented with unusual manifestations.
One patient exhibited oligoarthritis of the knees and elbow alongside a distinct rash.
The second patient developed meningoradiculitis, initially evaluated for Lyme disease due to a weak positive test.

Findings:

Syphilis was confirmed as the causative agent for both joint and neurological symptoms in these patients.
The neurological presentation mimicked other conditions, highlighting the importance of considering syphilis in differential diagnoses.
The absence of HIV co-infection in these cases provides insight into syphilis presentation without this common comorbidity.

Implications:

These cases underscore the importance of considering syphilis in the differential diagnosis of unexplained arthritis and neurological disorders.
Broadening the diagnostic net for syphilis can lead to earlier and more accurate patient management.
Further research into the diverse clinical spectrum of syphilis, particularly in non-HIV infected individuals, is warranted.