Related Experiment Videos
Health inequality and deprivation
Mark McGillivray1, Indranil Dutta, Nora Markova
1Australian Agency for International Development, Canberra, Australia. mark.mcgillivray@ausaid.gov.au
Health Economics
|March 19, 2009
Summary
Health inequality and income disparities are growing in developing nations, particularly affecting child mortality. Changes in income per capita are linked to evolving life expectancy patterns, especially in lower-income countries.
Area of Science:
- Global Health
- Development Economics
- Health Economics
Background:
- Examines health inequality and deprivation in developing countries, focusing on the interplay between health outcomes and income.
- Investigates the drivers of health disparities, particularly how income changes influence health inequality.
Discussion:
- Presents data showing increasing child mortality disparity since the mid-1970s.
- Documents trends in life expectancy inequality, with a decrease until the late 1980s followed by an increase.
- Highlights similar patterns in life expectancy deprivation.
Key Insights:
- Income per capita changes significantly impact health inequality and deprivation.
- A shifting behavioral relationship between life expectancy and income per capita in low-achieving countries contributes to these trends.
Outlook:
- Suggests the need for targeted interventions to address income-driven health disparities.
- Underscores the importance of understanding evolving income-health relationships for future policy.
- Sets the stage for further research presented in the accompanying supplement.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Dimensions of Health and Illness
The factors influencing the health-illness continuum can be internal or external and may or may not be under conscious control. They are related to the following eight human dimensions, and each dimension is interrelated to one other.
01:28Inequalities
Inequalities express mathematical relationships where two values are not equal and are compared using symbols such as <, >, ≤, or ≥. These expressions define a range of possible solutions rather than a single value. Interval notation provides a concise way to express these solution sets, especially when the variable spans a continuous range. An open interval, written as (a, b), excludes the endpoints, while a closed interval [a, b] includes them. There are also half-open intervals, such...
01:18Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II
The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...
02:55Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who are...
01:21Health Literacy
Health literacy is an individual's or a community's capacity to comprehend, receive, read, and use relevant healthcare information and services. The World Health Organization (WHO, 2018) defines health literacy as the cognitive and social skills that determine the ability of individuals to gain access to, understand, and use information in ways that promote and maintain good health. As a result, the WHO helps individuals manage long-term health concerns, participate in preventative programs,...
01:22Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...