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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers

In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, a hormone called angiotensin II plays a crucial role. It binds to the AT1 receptors in vascular smooth muscles coupled with Gq proteins. The activation of these receptors activates an enzyme called phospholipase C, which releases two molecules: inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. These molecules cause a chain reaction that leads to the phosphorylation of myosin light chains and promotes interaction between actin and myosin, leading to smooth...
Angina II: Classification01:27

Angina II: Classification

Angina, also known as angina pectoris, is a chest pain resulting from diminished blood flow to the heart muscle and is often a symptom of coronary artery disease. Angina presents several variants with distinctive attributes, etiologies, and therapeutic approaches. The main types of angina include stable, unstable, variant (Prinzmetal's), microvascular, intractable, and silent ischemia.Stable angina is caused by atherosclerosis, which leads to the formation of plaques that narrow the coronary...
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
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Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are two critical categories of drugs employed in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). PAH is a disease that causes high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, resulting in chest pain, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion
08:35

Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion

Published on: May 26, 2022

[Refractory arterial hypertension].

Ileana Antohe1

  • 1Universitatea de Medicină si Farmacie Gr T Popa Iaşi, Facultatea de Medicină.

Revista Medico-Chirurgicala a Societatii De Medici Si Naturalisti Din Iasi
|March 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Resistant arterial hypertension (RAH) is reviewed, covering its definition, causes, and risk factors. The summary includes current and novel treatments, featuring the Rheos BHT system as a new interventional approach for managing refractory hypertension.

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Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

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Novel Approach for Simultaneous Recording of Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Blood Pressure with Intravenous Infusion in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice.
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Novel Approach for Simultaneous Recording of Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Blood Pressure with Intravenous Infusion in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Internal Medicine

Context:

  • Resistant arterial hypertension (RAH) poses a significant clinical challenge.
  • Understanding the complexities of RAH is crucial for effective patient management.
  • The review addresses the current state of knowledge on RAH.

Purpose:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of resistant arterial hypertension.
  • To explore the definition, epidemiology, risk factors, and causes of therapeutic resistance in RAH.
  • To discuss current and emerging pharmacological and interventional therapies for RAH.

Summary:

  • This review synthesizes the state of the art in resistant arterial hypertension (RAH).
  • It covers RAH definition, epidemiology, risk factors, clinical conditions, and causes of therapeutic resistance.
  • Pathogenic hypotheses, current/new pharmacological therapies, and the Rheos BHT interventional system are explored.

Impact:

  • Offers a consolidated resource for clinicians and researchers managing RAH.
  • Highlights novel therapeutic strategies, including interventional approaches like the Rheos BHT system.
  • Aims to improve the understanding and treatment outcomes for patients with refractory hypertension.