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Related Concept Videos

Anthelminthic Agents01:15

Anthelminthic Agents

Anthelmintic drugs differ significantly from antiparasitic therapies targeting protozoa, primarily due to differences in parasite biology. Whereas most protozoal treatments act on proliferating cells, anthelmintics are typically directed against mature, nonproliferative helminths. The therapeutic approach considers the helminth's reliance on neuromuscular coordination, glucose metabolism, and microtubular integrity for survival, reproduction, and localization within the host. Most anthelmintics...
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Antiprotozoal Agents

Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...
Malaria01:29

Malaria

Malaria pathogenesis in humans reflects a delicate interplay between parasite biology and host response. Clinical illness reflects a host’s immune response to the parasite’s asexual replication cycle, which is often asymptomatic in individuals with partial immunity. From the parasite's perspective, transmission between mosquito and human with minimal host pathology is evolutionarily advantageous. Among the six Plasmodium species infecting humans, P. falciparum and P. vivax dominate in global...
Physical Properties of Amines01:26

Physical Properties of Amines

Amines with low molecular weight are usually gaseous at room temperature, while those with high molecular weight are liquid or solids in nature. Usually, low molecular weight amines have a rotten fish-like smell. Diamines typically have a pungent smell. For instance, cadaverine and putrescine, depicted in Figure 1, are two molecules responsible for decaying tissue.
Cholinergic Antagonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:29

Cholinergic Antagonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

Cholinergic antagonists bind to cholinergic receptors and limit the effects of acetylcholine and other cholinergic agonists. Based on the specific cholinergic receptor affinity, these antagonists are classified as muscarinic or nicotinic. Anticholinergics interrupt parasympathetic innervations while sympathetic innervations remain uninterrupted. Muscarinic antagonists are also called 'muscarinic antagonists', 'antimuscarinics', or 'parasympatholytics'. Nicotinic antagonists are called...
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Antidotes

Antidotes are medicinal substances used to counteract the harmful effects of toxins or drugs in the body. They function in various ways, each uniquely designed to combat specific toxic compounds.
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Ookluc: A Plasmodium berghei Line for Identifying Transmission-blocking Compounds
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Ookluc: A Plasmodium berghei Line for Identifying Transmission-blocking Compounds

Published on: July 11, 2025

Antimalarials from nature.

Kirandeep Kaur1, Meenakshi Jain, Tarandeep Kaur

  • 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Punjab, India.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
|March 21, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria necessitates novel treatments. Natural sources like plants, bacteria, fungi, and marine organisms offer promising scaffolds for new antimalarial drug discovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Natural Products Chemistry
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, primarily due to drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains.
  • Existing antimalarial drugs face increasing resistance, creating an urgent need for novel therapeutic agents.
  • Natural products have historically been a rich source of new drug leads for various diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in antimalarial drug discovery from natural sources.
  • To compile and analyze compounds from diverse natural origins with potential antimalarial activity.
  • To explore novel scaffolds and semisynthetic approaches for developing new antimalarial drugs.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search from 1998 to October 2008.
  • Categorization of antimalarial compounds based on their natural origin (plants, bacteria, fungi, marine organisms).
  • Classification of compounds by chemical structures, including alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids, and others.

Main Results:

  • Identification of numerous plant and marine extracts with antimalarial properties.
  • Compilation of diverse classes of natural compounds (alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids, etc.) exhibiting antimalarial activity.
  • Highlighting novel chemical scaffolds derived from nature for potential drug development.

Conclusions:

  • Natural sources provide a valuable resource for discovering new antimalarial drug candidates.
  • Compounds from plants, microbes, and marine organisms offer diverse structures and mechanisms against malaria.
  • Further research into semisynthetic modifications of natural products can enhance antimalarial efficacy.