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Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Clinical Anthropometrics and Body Composition from 3-Dimensional Optical Imaging
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Clinical Anthropometrics and Body Composition from 3-Dimensional Optical Imaging

Published on: June 7, 2024

DEXA body composition changes among 140 conscripts.

V M Mattila1, K Tallroth, M Marttinen

  • 1Centre for Military Medicine, Lahti and Helsinki, Finland. ville.mattila@uta.fi

International Journal of Sports Medicine
|March 21, 2009
PubMed
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Finnish military service improved physical fitness, decreasing body fat in the initial months. However, diverse training programs are recommended to further enhance body composition and fitness across different baseline BMIs.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Military Medicine
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Military service involves significant physical demands.
  • Understanding body composition and fitness changes during service is crucial for optimizing training.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated these changes in healthy male conscripts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess changes in body composition and physical fitness during military service.
  • To evaluate the impact of military training on aerobic performance and muscle strength.
  • To identify potential areas for improvement in military physical training programs.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 140 healthy male conscripts.
  • Body composition assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) at three time points.

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  • Aerobic performance measured by the 12-min run test and muscle strength evaluated.

    • Main Results:

    • Mean weight decreased initially then increased, with significant changes in fat mass.
    • Significant improvements observed in 12-min run test distance (2380m to 2530m).
    • Muscle strength score significantly increased (6.5 to 9.5).

    Conclusions:

    • Finnish military training positively impacts physical fitness and reduces body fat in the short term.
    • Modest changes in body fat and fitness suggest a need for tailored training.
    • Diverse training programs considering baseline BMI are warranted for enhanced outcomes.