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The role of biofilms and protozoa in Legionella pathogenesis: implications for drinking water

H Y Lau1, N J Ashbolt

  • 1National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. lau.helen@epa.gov

Journal of Applied Microbiology
|March 24, 2009
PubMed

Insights

This review highlights the role of biofilms and amoebae in Legionella pathogenesis within drinking water systems. Understanding these niches is crucial for controlling Legionella exposure and developing effective elimination strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Environmental Science
  • Pathogen Research

Background:

  • Current Legionella pathogenesis models lack focus on environmental niches like biofilms.
  • Drinking water distribution systems are poorly understood reservoirs for pathogenic Legionella.
  • Limited research associates biofilm colonization and amoeba parasitization with Legionella virulence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review Legionella proliferation mechanisms in Acanthamoeba and mammalian cells.
  • To advocate for the amoeba model in studying Legionella pathogenicity.
  • To discuss the role of biofilms and amoebae in Legionella proliferation and dissemination.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Legionella spp. proliferation mechanisms.
  • Analysis of existing studies on Legionella pathogenesis in environmental settings.
  • Synthesis of data on amoeba-Legionella interactions.

Main Results:

  • Legionella spp. proliferate effectively within Acanthamoeba and mammalian cells.
  • Biofilms and amoebae are identified as key niches for Legionella development and spread.
  • The aquatic environment, particularly drinking water systems, serves as a significant reservoir.

Conclusions:

  • The amoeba model is a valuable tool for studying Legionella pathogenicity due to its environmental relevance.
  • Elucidating Legionella development in drinking water systems is essential for public health.
  • Improved understanding will inform strategies for controlling Legionella exposure and infection.

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