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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Measuring Pressure Volume Loops in the Mouse

Measuring Pressure Volume Loops in the Mouse

Published on: May 2, 2016

Forces required to remove bougies from tracheal tubes.

G N B Jackson¹, R Bartlett, S M Yentis

¹Magill Dept of Anaesthesia, Instnsive Care & Pain Management, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK. guy@doctors.org.uk

|March 24, 2009

Summary

Investigating tracheal tube bougie removal, this study found significant force variations between different bougie and tracheal tube types. Lubrication generally eased removal, though not always statistically significant.

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Area of Science:

Medical Devices
Anesthesiology
Patient Safety

Background:

Difficult removal of bougies from tracheal tubes can complicate airway management.
A critical incident prompted an investigation into factors affecting bougie removal forces.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify the forces required to remove various bougies from tracheal tubes.
To assess the impact of lubrication on the ease of bougie removal.

Main Methods:

Two studies were performed: comparing six bougies in a standard tracheal tube, and four tracheal tubes with a standard bougie.
Force measurements were taken to quantify removal difficulty.
Lubrication was tested for its effect on removal ease.

Main Results:

Significant differences in removal forces were observed between different bougies (p < 0.0001).
Significant differences in removal forces were also noted between different tracheal tubes (p < 0.0001).
Lubrication generally facilitated easier removal, but this effect did not reach statistical significance after correcting for multiple comparisons.

Conclusions:

The type of bougie and tracheal tube significantly influences the force required for removal.
While lubrication may offer practical benefits, its statistical significance in reducing removal force requires further investigation.