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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Cefoperazone-treated Mouse Model of Clinically-relevant Clostridium difficile Strain R20291

Cefoperazone-treated Mouse Model of Clinically-relevant Clostridium difficile Strain R20291

Published on: December 10, 2016

New trends in Clostridium difficile virulence and pathogenesis.

C Denève¹, C Janoir, I Poilane

¹EA 4043, Université Paris-Sud, Châtenay-Malabry, France.

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

|March 24, 2009

Summary

Clostridium difficile infection causes a range of illnesses, from diarrhea to severe colitis. A hypervirulent strain (NAP1/PCR 027) is linked to increased incidence and severity, particularly in vulnerable populations.

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Culturing and Maintaining Clostridium difficile in an Anaerobic Environment

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Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Cefoperazone-treated Mouse Model of Clinically-relevant Clostridium difficile Strain R20291

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Published on: December 10, 2016

A Protocol to Characterize the Morphological Changes of Clostridium difficile in Response to Antibiotic Treatment

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Published on: May 25, 2017

Culturing and Maintaining Clostridium difficile in an Anaerobic Environment

Culturing and Maintaining Clostridium difficile in an Anaerobic Environment

Published on: September 14, 2013

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Infectious Diseases
Epidemiology

Background:

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) spectrum ranges from diarrhea to life-threatening pseudomembranous colitis.
Antimicrobial therapy disrupts gut microbiota, leading to CDI.
Pathogenicity involves TcdA and TcdB exotoxins, damaging colonic mucosa.

Purpose of the Study:

Review characteristics of the epidemic NAP1, PCR ribotype 027 C. difficile strain.
Explain the hypervirulence and epidemic spread of this strain.

Main Methods:

Literature review of C. difficile infection.
Analysis of virulence factors, including exotoxins and adherence factors.
Epidemiological data review focusing on NAP1/PCR 027 strain.

Main Results:

CDI epidemiology has shifted, with increased incidence and severity.
NAP1/PCR 027 strain associated with outbreaks in North America and Europe.
This strain exhibits hypervirulence, leading to sepsis syndrome and toxin megacolon.

Conclusions:

The NAP1/PCR 027 strain's characteristics contribute to its hypervirulence and spread.
Understanding these factors is crucial for managing severe CDI outbreaks.
Elderly and debilitated patients are most vulnerable to severe outcomes.