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Related Concept Videos

Candidiasis01:20

Candidiasis

Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by opportunistic species of Candida. It can affect various anatomical sites, including the skin, oral cavity, nails, and genitourinary tract. Among its forms, vaginal candidiasis is the most common type of mucosal infection. It typically results from the overgrowth of Candida albicans in the vaginal mucosa. Under normal conditions, C. albicans exists as a commensal organism within the vaginal microbiota, regulated by the dominance of lactobacilli, which...
Colonisation of Pathogens01:25

Colonisation of Pathogens

Pathogen colonization of host tissues is a critical step in the development of infectious diseases. Various pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, have evolved complex strategies to attach to, invade, and persist within host environments. These mechanisms enable pathogens to establish infections, evade immune responses, and resist antimicrobial treatments.Attachment to Host CellsIn bacteria, colonization typically begins with adherence to host epithelial...
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Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
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Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
Microbiota of the Large Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Large Intestine

The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...

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An Ex vivo Assay to Study Candida albicans Hyphal Morphogenesis in the Gastrointestinal Tract
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An Ex vivo Assay to Study Candida albicans Hyphal Morphogenesis in the Gastrointestinal Tract

Published on: July 1, 2020

Candida colonisation as a source for candidaemia.

L N Miranda1, I M van der Heijden, S F Costa

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases and LIM 54, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

The Journal of Hospital Infection
|March 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigated Candida colonization sites as sources for Candida bloodstream infections (candidemia). Gastrointestinal colonization is the likely source for Candida albicans candidemia, while Candida parapsilosis infections appear exogenous.

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Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

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Published on: January 27, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Healthcare Epidemiology

Background:

  • Candida species are significant causes of healthcare-associated infections.
  • Identifying infection sources is crucial for effective prevention and control.
  • Candida bloodstream infections (candidemia) pose a serious clinical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the origin of candidemia by evaluating Candida colonization sites.
  • To differentiate between endogenous and exogenous sources of Candida bloodstream infections.

Main Methods:

  • Surveillance cultures were obtained from multiple sites (urine, rectum, oropharynx, skin, catheter) in patients with candidemia.
  • Molecular typing was employed to match Candida isolates from blood with those from colonization sites.
  • Species identification and prevalence of different Candida species in candidemia were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Candida albicans accounted for 42% of candidemias, followed by Candida parapsilosis (33%).
  • Gastrointestinal tract colonization was identified as the probable source for Candida albicans candidemia in 13 of 26 patients.
  • Exogenous sources were suggested for Candida parapsilosis candidemia, with 6 of 10 catheter tip isolates indistinguishable from blood isolates, particularly in neonates.

Conclusions:

  • Gastrointestinal colonization is a primary source for Candida albicans bloodstream infections.
  • Candida parapsilosis candidemia is likely acquired exogenously, often associated with intravascular devices.
  • Understanding Candida colonization reservoirs aids in developing targeted infection control strategies.