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Related Concept Videos

Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles, paraspeckles, etc. These nuclear...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
The Nucleus01:32

The Nucleus

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
The Nucleus01:25

The Nucleus

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Validation of a Mouse Model to Disrupt LINC Complexes in a Cell-specific Manner
09:02

Validation of a Mouse Model to Disrupt LINC Complexes in a Cell-specific Manner

Published on: December 10, 2015

The nuclear envelope--a scaffold for silencing?

Benjamin D Towbin1, Peter Meister, Susan M Gasser

  • 1Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|March 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chromosomes organize within the nucleus, with inactive genes often found near the nuclear envelope. Targeting chromatin to the periphery yielded conflicting results in mammals, but conserved proteins suggest shared principles from yeast to humans.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Chromosomes exhibit spatial organization within the interphase nucleus.
  • Inactive heterochromatin preferentially localizes to the nuclear lamina.
  • Genome-wide mapping reveals preferential interaction of the nuclear lamina with silent genes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional significance of nuclear spatial compartmentation.
  • To determine if targeting chromatin to the nuclear periphery has functional consequences.
  • To explore the applicability of yeast nuclear organization models to higher organisms.

Main Methods:

  • Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) studies in mammalian cells.
  • Genome-wide mapping techniques.
  • Gain-of-function assays targeting chromatin to the nuclear periphery.

Main Results:

  • Inactive heterochromatin is largely perinuclear in mammalian cells.
  • The nuclear lamina preferentially interacts with silent genes.
  • Gain-of-function experiments yielded coherent models in yeast but conflicting results in mammalian cells.

Conclusions:

  • Spatial compartmentation of the nucleus plays a role in gene regulation.
  • While some principles of nuclear organization may differ between yeast and mammals, conserved proteins suggest shared mechanisms.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the functional significance of nuclear spatial organization in higher eukaryotes.