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Olfaction

Olfaction

The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Transplantation of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells to Evaluate Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury

Transplantation of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells to Evaluate Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury

Published on: February 23, 2014

Olfactory ensheathing cell tumor.

Kaushal Ippili¹, Boola G Ratnam, Swarnalata Gowrishankar

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad - 500 033, Andhra Pradesh, India. rahullath@hotmail.com

Neurology India

|March 24, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study reports a rare olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) tumor in a male patient. OEC tumors are distinct from more common schwannomas, offering new insights into neuro-oncology.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Oncology
Cell Biology

Background:

Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) reside in the olfactory bulb and nasal mucosa.
OECs share morphological similarities with Schwann cells but are immunophenotypically distinct.
Olfactory groove schwannomas are rare, with OEC tumors being exceptionally rare.

Observation:

A case of an olfactory ensheathing cell tumor was identified in a 42-year-old male.
The tumor's characteristics were analyzed using light and electron microscopy.
Immunohistochemical staining confirmed the OEC origin, differentiating it from schwannomas.

Findings:

The study presents a unique case of an OEC tumor, adding to the limited literature.
Detailed pathological analysis of the OEC tumor was performed.
The origin and distinct nature of this OEC tumor were discussed.

Implications:

This case expands the understanding of rare tumors in the olfactory region.
Distinguishing OEC tumors from schwannomas is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Further research into OEC tumor pathology and biology is warranted.