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Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Theory of Attribution I: Correspondent Inference Theory01:15

Theory of Attribution I: Correspondent Inference Theory

Correspondent inference theory, proposed by Jones and Davis in 1965, seeks to explain how individuals infer stable personality traits from observed behaviors. It suggests that people attribute actions to underlying dispositions rather than external circumstances, particularly when the behavior appears intentional and socially significant.Voluntary Behavior and Dispositional AttributionAccording to this theory, individuals are more likely to attribute behavior to personal traits when it appears...
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Perception of Sound Waves

The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
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Auditory Perception01:17

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The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the cochlea, a...
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Sound waves can be thought of as fluctuations in the pressure of a medium through which they propagate. Since the pressure also makes the medium's particles vibrate along its direction of motion, the waves can be modeled as the displacement of the medium's particles from their mean position.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Characterization of the Sense of Agency over the Actions of Neural-machine Interface-operated Prostheses
05:21

Characterization of the Sense of Agency over the Actions of Neural-machine Interface-operated Prostheses

Published on: January 7, 2019

Inferring agency from sound.

Günther Knoblich1, Bruno H Repp

  • 1Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Centre for Cognition (DCC), Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Knoblich@donders.ru.nl

Cognition
|March 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary

People use sensory and cognitive cues to determine if they control sounds, influencing their sense of agency. This sense of agency arises from multiple factors, not a single control level.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Understanding the sense of agency is crucial for explaining voluntary action.
  • Previous research suggests agency relies on sensory feedback and motor control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how individuals discern self-control versus external control of auditory stimuli.
  • To explore the roles of sensorimotor and perceptual cues in inferring agency.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments involving active tapping and passive listening to sounds.
  • Participants distinguished between self-generated and computer-controlled sounds.
  • Tasks included change detection and rhythm reproduction under varying control conditions.

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Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses
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Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses

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Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses
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Main Results:

  • Both sensorimotor (action-based) and perceptual (sensory) cues significantly contribute to inferring agency.
  • Cognitive expectations and multimodal integration may also influence the sense of agency.
  • Findings align with hierarchical models of intention and action control.

Conclusions:

  • The sense of agency is a complex phenomenon influenced by multiple interacting factors.
  • Agency perception is not limited to a single level of action processing.
  • This research provides insights into the mechanisms underlying the subjective experience of control.