Abnormal bleeding associated with reproductive tract infection

Reproductive tract infection is an often unrecognized, but relatively common, cause of abnormal reproductive tract bleeding. Postcoital bleeding, menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, and oral contraceptive break-through bleeding are potentially infection-related complaints. The microorganisms most often associated with abnormal reproductive tract bleeding include: Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Herpes simplex virus type 2, and microorganisms associated with bacterial vaginosis. The clinical conditions cervicitis, endometritis, and pelvic inflammatory disease and the related microorganisms are discussed, as are strategies for clinical management and counseling.