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Published on: June 15, 2020
[Clinical characteristics and treatment options of cutaneous vessel abnormalities]
Li Li1, Zi-Gang Xu, Yu-Juan Sun
1Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China.
Insights
Infantile hemangioma and congenital hemangioma are common in children, affecting females more. Most cutaneous vessel abnormalities, especially those with endothelial cell proliferation, appear early on the face and often resolve with watchful waiting.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Dermatology
- Vascular Anomalies
- Clinical Pediatrics
Context:
- Cutaneous vessel abnormalities are common in pediatric populations.
- Understanding their clinical characteristics and treatment is crucial for effective management.
- The International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) classification provides a standardized approach.
Purpose:
- To summarize the clinical characteristics of pediatric cutaneous vessel abnormalities.
- To review the treatment options for these conditions.
- To analyze patient data based on the ISSVA classification.
Summary:
- A retrospective analysis of 384 pediatric patients revealed infantile hemangioma (185 cases) and congenital hemangioma (132 cases) as most common, with higher incidence in females.
- Lesions predominantly occurred on the head and face, often presenting within the first six months of life.
- Watchful waiting was the primary treatment (65.1%), leading to lesion improvement or resolution in a significant proportion of followed patients.
Impact:
- Highlights the prevalence and typical presentation of common pediatric vascular anomalies.
- Suggests that watchful waiting is a viable and effective management strategy for many cases.
- Provides insights into the natural history and prognosis of infantile and congenital hemangiomas.
Objective:
To summarize the clinical characteristics and treatment options of cutaneous vessel abnormalities.
Methods:
The clinical data of 384 pediatric patients with cutaneous vessel abnormalities who were treated in Beijing children's Hospital from January 2007 to December 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were classified according to International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) classification method.
Results:
Of the 384 patients, infantile hemangioma was confirmed in 185 patients (male : female = 1 : 1.7). Most children (78.4%) were taken to our department when they were within six months. The skin injuries were mainly located on the head and face (50.8%). Congenital hemangioma was confirmed in 132 patients (male : female = 1 : 1.9). Most children (75.0%) were taken to our department when they were within six months. The skin injuries were mainly located on the head and face (37.1%). Capillary malformation was confirmed in 27 patients (male: female = 1 : 1.3). Most children (40.7%) were taken to our department when they were within one year old. The skin injuries were mainly located on the head and face (77.8%). Venous malformation was confirmed in 16 patients (male : female = 1 : 1.3). Most children (31.3%) were taken to our department when they were within one year old. The skin injuries were mainly located on the head and face (56.3%). Of the 384 patients, 250 patients (65.1%) were treated by watching and waiting. Eighty of these 250 patients were followed up, which showed that, when these children were 1. 5-2 years old, the lesions' color lightened and their areas reduced by half and lesions almost disappeared in 34 patients.
Conclusions:
Infantile hemangioma and congenital hemangioma are two common cutaneous vessel abnormalities in children. Their incidences were higher in female than in male. Cutaneous vessel abnormality with endothelial cell proliferation has an earlier onset age. Skin injuries are mostly seen in face. Most pediatric patients experience good prognosis after being treated with watching and waiting.
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