Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Assembly of the Lipid Bilayer in the ER01:28

Assembly of the Lipid Bilayer in the ER

Biological membranes are more than just a barrier separating cell cytoplasm from the outside environment. They are highly dynamic and help maintain the integrity and physiological stability of the cells as well as membrane-bound organelles. Membranes also play vital roles in cell-to-cell and intracellular communication.
A large chunk of any biological membrane is composed of phospholipids. These lipids have a heterogeneous distribution across different subcellular organelles and even between...
Target Cell Response to Hormones01:22

Target Cell Response to Hormones

Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body01:31

Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body

Fats and lipids are crucial components in the human body. Some lipid-derived compounds, such as fat-soluble vitamins, eicosanoids, lipoproteins, and glycolipids, also play unique roles to support various  biological processes .
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin, delayed...
Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:22

Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.
Synthesis of Phosphatidylcholine in the ER Membrane01:27

Synthesis of Phosphatidylcholine in the ER Membrane

The ER synthesizes lipids for building cell membranes and performing cellular functions such as energy storage and signaling. The lipid synthesis machinery embedded in the ER membrane primarily collects all reactants from the cytosol. Following synthesis, the secretory pathway and the ER contact sites distribute these lipids to other cellular organelles. Additionally, the energy-rich triacylglycerides are transported from the ER via lipid droplets.
The major components of all eukaryotic cell...
Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses01:22

Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses

The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity. 
Graded and Abrupt Responses
Some signaling systems generate...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Antimelanoma Activity of the Mastoparan Peptides MPX and MP1: Cellular Selectivity and Mechanism of Action.

Molecular pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

Cell-surface glycosaminoglycans modulate the cytotoxicity and membrane interaction of the mastoparan cationic peptides MPX and HR1.

Biophysical chemistry·2026
Same author

Bone marrow transplantation attenuates inflammation and improves glycemic control in type 2 non-obese diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats.

Molecular and cellular endocrinology·2025
Same author

Systemic and skeletal muscle metabolic signatures associated with early insulin resistance in just-weaned non-obese Goto-Kakizaki diabetic rats.

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie·2025
Same author

Probing the cytotoxicity and the dynamic interaction of IIKK cationic peptides with human melanoma cells.

Biophysical chemistry·2025
Same author

Effect of Pharmacological Treatment on Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction and Allergic Inflammatory Response in Endurance Athletes.

International journal of sports physical therapy·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Enzymatic Synthesis of Epoxidized Metabolites of Docosahexaenoic, Eicosapentaenoic, and Arachidonic Acids
13:05

Enzymatic Synthesis of Epoxidized Metabolites of Docosahexaenoic, Eicosapentaenoic, and Arachidonic Acids

Published on: June 28, 2019

Comparative effects of DHA and EPA on cell function.

Renata Gorjão1, Anna Karenina Azevedo-Martins, Hosana Gomes Rodrigues

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. renatag@icb.usp.br

Pharmacology & Therapeutics
|March 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Fish oil

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Enzymatic Synthesis of Epoxidized Metabolites of Docosahexaenoic, Eicosapentaenoic, and Arachidonic Acids
13:05

Enzymatic Synthesis of Epoxidized Metabolites of Docosahexaenoic, Eicosapentaenoic, and Arachidonic Acids

Published on: June 28, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Fish oil (FO) is recognized for benefits in autoimmune, inflammatory, and cardiovascular diseases.
  • These benefits are often attributed to omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).
  • Previous research often did not differentiate the specific effects of EPA and DHA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss the distinct cellular effects of EPA and DHA.
  • To highlight the differential impact of EPA and DHA on immune cell functions and gene expression.
  • To explore the varying cytotoxic effects of EPA and DHA on specific cell lines.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on studies differentiating EPA and DHA effects.
  • Analysis of research on leukocyte functions (phagocytosis, chemotaxis, cytokine production).
  • Examination of studies on gene expression and intracellular signaling pathways in lymphocytes.
  • Review of studies on cytotoxic effects on RINm5F cells.

Main Results:

  • EPA and DHA exhibit different effects on leukocyte functions, including phagocytosis, chemotaxis, and cytokine production.
  • Differential modulation of gene expression and lymphocyte proliferation signaling pathways by EPA and DHA.
  • Varying cytotoxic concentrations and differential modulation of cell death proteins by EPA and DHA in RINm5F cells.

Conclusions:

  • EPA and DHA possess distinct mechanisms of action at the cellular level.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for optimizing the therapeutic use of omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil.
  • Further research into the specific roles of EPA and DHA can enhance treatment strategies for various disorders.