[Non-invasive molecular detection of bladder cancer]

Superficial bladder cancer is a chronically relapsing, non-curable disease. Its biological tendency to recur and progress mandates close follow-up for the early detection of recurrent tumors. The methods used for bladder cancer detection are either invasive or have low sensitivity. In recent years there is a constant effort to find a better non-invasive moLecuLar marker for bladder cancer. This manuscript will review published genetic changes associated with the development of bladder cancer and the advantages of molecuLar diagnosis and will also present some of the markers that have been tested.