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Translocation t(11;18)(q21;q21) in gastric B-cell lymphomas.

Sonia Toracchio¹, Hiroyoshi Ota, Daphne de Jong

¹Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Baylor College of Medicine, and Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA. toracchi@bcm.tmc.edu

|March 27, 2009

Summary

The t(11;18) translocation is found in both gastric MALT lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma at similar rates. This finding suggests that the presence of t(11;18) does not prevent progression to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Genetics
Pathology

Background:

The t(11;18)(q21;q21) translocation is the most common chromosomal abnormality in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas.
This translocation is rarely found in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL), leading to the hypothesis that t(11;18)-positive tumors seldom progress to DLBCL.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the frequency of the t(11;18)(q21;q21) translocation in gastric MALT lymphoma and DLBCL.
To determine if the presence of t(11;18) influences the progression of gastric lymphomas.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 53 gastric B-cell lymphoma cases (33 DLBCL, 20 MALT).
Detection of t(11;18)(q21;q21) using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization.
Beta-actin transcript analysis to ensure RNA integrity from paraffin-embedded tissues.

Main Results:

The t(11;18) translocation was detected in 19% of DLBCL cases and 26% of MALT lymphoma cases.
The frequency of the translocation was not significantly different between the two lymphoma types (P = 0.72).
One DLBCL case with a MALT component also showed the t(11;18) translocation.

Conclusions:

The t(11;18)(q21;q21) translocation occurs with similar frequencies in both gastric MALT lymphoma and DLBCL.
The presence of the t(11;18) translocation does not preclude the progression of gastric lymphomas to DLBCL.