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Related Concept Videos

Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
Histone Variants at the Centromere02:30

Histone Variants at the Centromere

Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3 variants are also...
Euchromatin01:01

Euchromatin

The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions take up more dye, appearing darker, while the less-compact areas take up less dye and appear lighter. Based on the compaction level, chromatins are classified into two primary forms – euchromatin and heterochromatin.
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues
10:41

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

Published on: April 5, 2018

Chromatin maps, histone modifications and leukemia.

T Neff1, S A Armstrong

  • 1Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02215, USA.

Leukemia
|March 27, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetic gene regulation advances offer new insights into leukemia. Genome-wide studies identify epigenetic modifications for improved diagnostics and therapies.

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Genome-Wide Mapping of Histone Modifications and Transcription Factor Binding Sites in Neuroendocrine Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines Using CUT&RUN
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Genome-Wide Mapping of Histone Modifications and Transcription Factor Binding Sites in Neuroendocrine Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines Using CUT&RUN

Published on: April 3, 2026

Extraction of Histones from Clinical Specimens for Epigenetic Profiling by Mass Spectrometry
10:54

Extraction of Histones from Clinical Specimens for Epigenetic Profiling by Mass Spectrometry

Published on: November 21, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues
10:41

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

Published on: April 5, 2018

Genome-Wide Mapping of Histone Modifications and Transcription Factor Binding Sites in Neuroendocrine Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines Using CUT&RUN
11:50

Genome-Wide Mapping of Histone Modifications and Transcription Factor Binding Sites in Neuroendocrine Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines Using CUT&RUN

Published on: April 3, 2026

Extraction of Histones from Clinical Specimens for Epigenetic Profiling by Mass Spectrometry
10:54

Extraction of Histones from Clinical Specimens for Epigenetic Profiling by Mass Spectrometry

Published on: November 21, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Significant progress has been made in understanding epigenetic gene regulation.
  • Key molecular players in epigenetics are being identified and characterized.
  • Genome-scale studies are crucial for dissecting complex biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review epigenetic modifications relevant to leukemia.
  • To highlight the application of genome-wide studies in cancer research.
  • To discuss the potential of epigenetics in leukemia diagnostics and therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by expression arrays (ChIP-Chip).
  • Next-generation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) for genome-wide analyses.
  • Characterization of DNA methylation and histone modifications.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic modifications are increasingly studied in cancer, particularly leukemia.
  • Genome-wide studies provide detailed insights into leukemia genomes.
  • Identification of epigenetic alterations can lead to novel therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic modifications play a critical role in leukemia.
  • Advanced genomic techniques are essential for leukemia research.
  • Understanding epigenetic dysregulation in leukemia promises improved patient outcomes.