[Applications of robotic surgery in pediatric urology. Description of the technical principles]

The incorporation of the robotic surgery to the pediatric urology permits less invasive and more precise therapeutic alternatives for the patient. It corrects some limitations of laparoscopic surgery, with its 3 dimensional vision, accurate movements without tremor, and more degrees of freedom, allows an ergonomic position to the surgeon and has a shorter learning curve. Different procedures were performed with da Vinci surgical system, in a secure and effective way, as pyeloplasty, total or partial nephrectomy, orchidopexy, intra or extravesical ureteral reimplant, enterocystoplasty, Mitrofanoff and others. These techniques and their outcomes will be reviewed, as well as some of the challenges still posed by this methodology.