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Investigations on Alterations of Hippocampal Circuit Function Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
10:59

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Published on: November 19, 2012

Alteration in functional brain systems after electrical injury.

Alona Ramati1, Neil H Pliskin, Sarah Keedy

  • 1University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.

Journal of Neurotrauma
|March 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Electrical shock trauma can cause brain dysfunction. This study found abnormal brain activation patterns in electrical injury patients during memory and learning tasks, indicating system-level neurological effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Previous studies show cognitive deficits in electrical injury patients.
  • The underlying neural mechanisms of these deficits are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate brain activation patterns in electrical injury (EI) patients during working memory and procedural learning tasks.
  • To identify task-dependent, system-level brain dysfunction in EI survivors.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to study 14 EI patients and 15 healthy controls.
  • Participants completed spatial working memory and procedural learning tasks.

Main Results:

  • EI patients showed increased activation in the middle frontal gyrus, motor cortex, and posterior cingulate cortex during working memory.
  • EI patients exhibited altered activation in sensorimotor regions, including frontal and parietal eye fields, during a saccade task.
  • EI patients displayed decreased activation in the middle frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex, and frontal eye fields during procedural learning.

Conclusions:

  • This is the first study to demonstrate task-dependent, system-level cortical and subcortical dysfunction in individuals with electrical shock trauma.
  • Findings suggest significant neurobiological alterations following electrical injury, impacting cognitive functions.