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Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Echocardiographic Approaches and Protocols for Comprehensive Phenotypic Characterization of Valvular Heart Disease in Mice
Published on: February 14, 2017
Role of echocardiography in toxic heart valvulopathy
Steven Droogmans1, Dirk Kerkhove, Bernard Cosyns
1Cardiology Department, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Jette, Belgium.
Abstract:
The notion that drugs can induce valvular heart disease (VHD) has occurred since the 1960s and has received a lot of attention in recent years. This review focuses on different aspects of this distinct valvulopathy in seven sections: (i) historical background, (ii) drug-induced VHD, is this a real entity?, (iii) its morphological and echocardiographic features, (iv) drugs associated with VHD, (v) the influence of cumulative drug dose and risk factors, (vi) the natural course of toxic valvulopathy, and (vii) practical recommendations when using potential valvulopathic drugs.
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