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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Development During Adolescence01:18

Cognitive Development During Adolescence

During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the recognition that people have...
Erikson's Theory on Socioemotional Development during Adolescence01:17

Erikson's Theory on Socioemotional Development during Adolescence

Erik Erikson's fifth stage of psychosocial development, "identity versus role confusion," is crucial during adolescence (ages 12 to 18). In this stage, adolescents face the developmental task of forging a distinct personal identity, a process influenced by social, psychological, and biological changes typical of this period. Adolescents naturally explore different roles, behaviors, and ideologies as they navigate complex questions of self-concept, asking, "Who am I?" and "What is my place in...
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are themselves.
Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity01:23

Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity

Adolescence is a pivotal period of identity formation, during which individuals begin to answer questions central to their sense of self, such as "Who am I?" and "Who do I hope to become?" Both parents and peers play critical roles in guiding adolescents through this complex developmental phase.
Parental Influence on Identity Development
Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth. This guiding role...
Introduction to Developmental Psychology01:27

Introduction to Developmental Psychology

Developmental psychology explores the changes and continuities in human abilities throughout life, encompassing physical, cognitive, linguistic, and social dimensions. Human development is not restricted to growth, but includes aspects of decline, particularly in physical abilities as individuals age. Developmental psychologists seek to understand how people change as they age and how their mental and social skills evolve.Developmental MilestonesA key concept in developmental psychology is...

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Adolescent development and juvenile justice.

Laurence Steinberg1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA. lds@temple.edu

Annual Review of Clinical Psychology
|March 31, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Developmental science, including adolescent brain development, should inform juvenile justice policies. This approach supports a separate juvenile system for developmentally appropriate treatment of young offenders.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Criminology
  • Legal Psychology

Background:

  • The American juvenile justice system has a distinct history and rationale.
  • Adolescent development significantly impacts legal proceedings and policy.
  • Understanding juvenile offending requires insights from developmental science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the history and function of the American juvenile justice system.
  • To summarize developmental science findings relevant to adolescent offenders.
  • To apply developmental science to key juvenile justice issues.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of adolescent development studies.
  • Analysis of brain, cognitive, and psychosocial development in adolescence.

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  • Application of findings to criminal culpability, competence to stand trial, and sanctions.

    • Main Results:

    • Adolescent brain and psychosocial development have critical implications for justice system interventions.
    • Developmental science findings inform assessments of adolescent culpability and competence.
    • Punitive sanctions can negatively impact adolescent development and behavior.

    Conclusions:

    • Developmental science provides a strong rationale for maintaining a separate juvenile justice system.
    • Juveniles should be judged, tried, and sanctioned in ways that consider their developmental stage.
    • Integrating developmental science ensures more appropriate and effective juvenile justice practices.