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Nighttime sleep and daytime functioning correlates of the insomnia complaint in young adults

Julio Fernández-Mendoza1, Antonio Vela-Bueno, Alexandros N Vgontzas

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain.

Journal of Adolescence
|March 31, 2009
PubMed

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Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
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Nightmares and night terrors represent two distinct types of sleep disturbances that differ in timing, characteristics, and the sleeper's recall of the event. Nightmares are vivid, disturbing dreams that usually awaken the sleeper from REM sleep, a stage of sleep where brain activity is high, and dreams are most frequent. Upon awakening, individuals often have detailed recollections of their nightmares, which can include themes of threats to survival, security, or self-esteem.
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